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Title: Why Genuine Forgiveness must be Elective and Unconditional
Author(s): COWLEY, Christopher
Journal: Ethical Perspectives
Volume: 17    Issue: 4   Date: 2010   
Pages: 556-579
DOI: 10.2143/EP.17.4.2059846

Abstract :
Charles Griswold’s 2007 book Forgiveness argues that genuine forgiveness of an unexcused, unjustified and unignored offence must be normgoverned and conditional. In the same way that gift-giving is governed by norms of appropriateness, so too is forgiveness; and the appropriateness of forgiving is centrally dependent on the offender’s repentance. In response, I claim that genuine forgiveness must always be elective and unconditional, and therefore genuinely unpredictable, no matter how much – or how little – the offender repents. I consider and reject one defence of unconditional forgiveness, that of Garrard and McNaughton. I then develop my own account, which builds on Bernard Williams’ notion of practical necessity.

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