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Document Details : Title: Four Seasons at Kendale Hecala on Ambar Çay Subtitle: Preliminary Results and the Second Report on the 2020-2021 Excavations Author(s): CAN, Şakir , ÇIFTÇI, Şeyma Journal: Anatolica Volume: 51 Date: 2025 Pages: 25-47 DOI: 10.2143/ANA.51.0.3294791 Abstract : Kendale Hecala, situated at the northernmost edge of Mesopotamia, has been investigated throughout four seasons, revealing material culture from the Early Chalcolithic period and the Middle Ages. The architectural remains of the Early Chalcolithic occupation comprise single-room, multi-room, and grill-plan buildings, constructed by pisé walls with and without stone foundations. The settlement pattern has been documented over an extensive area, characterized by re-built dwellings throughout multiple phases, on top of each other, maintaining consistent orientations and layouts. The ceramic assemblage includes Ubaid Painted Ware, found in the same contexts with the Grit Tempered Ware, Dark-Faced Burnished Ware, Standard Ware, and Black Core Mineral Tempered Ware. The small finds demonstrate continuity, reflecting the architectural traditions, which show minimal variation over time. Although the settlement’s primary occupation phase dates to the Early Chalcolithic period, material culture displaying Late Neolithic characteristics dominates. The Middle Ages is represented by buildings with stone foundations, and infants buried in jars. The small finds include plain and glazed pottery and various metal artifacts. |
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