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Title: Not Everything is Fluid
Subtitle: Some Basic Facts about Acheloos Iconography in Etruria in Relation to the New 'Solar Quasi-Dionysos Heads' Theory of the Lampadario di Cortona
Author(s): MOLINARI, Nicholas
Journal: BABESCH
Volume: 100    Date: 2025   
Pages: 1-26
DOI: 10.2143/BAB.100.0.3294521

Abstract :
This essay provides a rebuttal to a recent theory presented in Etruscan and Italic Studies that claims the sixteen heads of bearded man-faced bulls on the Lampadario di Cortona are manifestations of a solar quasi-Dionysos as he revolves around the sixteen partitions of the Etruscan heavens. In order to dispute this new theory, clear and unambiguous iconographic, archaeological, and literary evidence is presented that refutes various essential elements of the authors’ case. In the end an attempt is made at salvaging an overall Dionysian interpretation of the lamp by suggesting this solar dimension to Dionysos might be found in the lamp’s actual flames, not in the Acheloos heads.

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